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American Clinical Rotations & USCE for IMG / FMG Medical Doctors and Students
A 28-year-old female presents with a 3-day history of fever, sore throat, and a diffuse maculopapular rash. On examination, there are white lesions on the buccal mucosa, and the rash appears on the face and then spreads downward. Which of the following viruses is most likely responsible for this clinical presentation?
Correct Answer: D - The clinical presentation of fever, sore throat, and a maculopapular rash spreading from the face downward with characteristic Koplik spots on the buccal mucosa is suggestive of measles. Measles is caused by the measles virus.
A. Varicella-zoster virus
Varicella-zoster virus: Varicella presents with a pruritic rash that progresses to vesicles and is typically not associated with Koplik spots.
B. Rubella virus
Rubella virus: Rubella presents with a rash that starts on the face and spreads caudally but does not have Koplik spots. It is also less severe than measles.
C. Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus: Cytomegalovirus infection can cause mononucleosis-like symptoms but is not associated with a characteristic maculopapular rash with Koplik spots.
E. Herpes simplex virus
Herpes simplex virus: Herpes simplex virus can cause oral lesions, but it does not typically present with a widespread maculopapular rash and Koplik spots.